Materials For Watch In The Future

Material innovations such as silicon or scratch-resistant gold conquer the watch industry . They improve durability and precision

Who is honest when it comes to watches, must accept a hard truth : Any quartz watch for 15 euros done their day's work more accurately than high-quality mechanical watches. Even if many of these complicated time indicator cost a thousand times more . Even on the basis of physical laws , the mechanics watches can not compete with the precision : Your Vibration and inhibition systems that set the pace for the entire clock , can never move as fast as the electronic " oscillator " in a quartz movement. This resonates with clock speeds of up to 32 768 hertz. For comparison: Mechanical components and materials vibrate usually with four Hertz (28 800 vibrations ) .

This encourages the researchers from Patek Philippe at for years to reach at least the limits of scientific possibility. May increase with the development of innovative components , for example , the accuracy and reliability of clocks. Here, some requirements are quite contradictory.

So must be a balance - also called regulator - be as light as possible , yet transfer a certain amount of energy . A task that causes design-related friction and air resistance values. At least the friction is tackled by oils. But any long-term use in the movement makes the fats resinous. The lubricant is the limiting factor .

In order to investigate new materials that can fix such problems , Patek Philippe merged with Rolex and the Swatch Group. They explore common features and uses of silicon, a material that has so far been mainly used in the chip industry . The competitors want so share the development costs. " And in the subsequent use of knowledge in the production, which was responsible for each partner individually, we were very quick ," said Patek -Philippe - chief and owner Thierry Stern would .

The Geneva set the dazzling semimetal regularly since then for the production of the escape wheel , hairspring, balance wheel or even the complete inhibition module here. Approximately in their model 5550P (pictured above left). Their inner life is hard key parts , shock resistant , lightweight, and does not need any lubrication. The result : The movement runs precise, and its power reserve increases from 48 to 70 hours.

The watches manufacturers appreciate the new material but also because of its Amagnetismus . Because magnetism is in addition to dust or moisture such thing as the natural enemy of correct conventional time measurement. Silicon prevents passage deviations to the stoppage of the train wheels . The face if magnetic force causes the armature and spirals out of rhythm . After all, Thierry Stern , " it is in the use of new materials in the first place always about precision ."

This looks Jean -Claude Biver different. The CEO of Hublot (LVMH Group) is also about looks and robustness. He married 24 -carat gold with a scratch-resistant zirconium oxide ceramic to 750 gold. For Hublot , the new substance " Magic Gold " , with other manufacturers ' Ceragold " means .

Hublot operation the three-year development be implemented jointly with the Institute of Technology in Lausanne. Their material scientists had to produce a pressure of 200 bar and fuel the furnace at 1400 degrees, to the ceramic ( ie, the technology " sintering" ) with the precious metal to connect . The result is a degree of hardness of the gold of 1000 Vickers. By comparison, the robust Titan has 970 , 700 steel and gold alone just 25 Vickers. The new Magic Gold largely prevents the disadvantages of this small house of hardness , which has been frequently performed with buyers of luxury watches because of emerging signs of use to trouble.

Dog Training Tips and Tricks

Play with Your Dog!

The handler and the dog play together with an object.

The dog does not play alone with the object.

The handler starts the game and he ended it again. It is then no longer even fought for the subject! We can / should the dog not tear out of the mouth, we decided to take the object. When pressure is required, then only the collar.

Commands are given once and then set accordingly.

Bring the handler not previously enforce his command in the position, he should better give no command.

If this has worked so far as we now have the object in his hand that the dog would like.

He is sure to do things that we require; walk, sit, stay, etc.

The dog training can begin!

Command foot

From the game out after we even now hold the object in our hands, the dog is walking command.

a) the dog runs good with, confirm after 3-4 steps at once by being played back (good dog) .., please go by and by the step increase number .. and please do not ever just straight!

b) the dog jumps like crazy beside us and vesucht to get to the object (is also a good dog because very strong drive)

If the error is avoided that the dog itself confirmed because the handler has the object does not control and can this "steal" from the dog ... but the dog handlers confirmed the dog when it is quiet for a moment, then he will stop quickly with the jumping.

c) the dog sniffing only on the ground, looks after other dogs and people ...

Interested in everything, except for his handler (rather bad).

Reasons for this may be:

1) The dog may have been confirmed wrong in advance;

Action: Dog sniffs on the ground - Reaction: The handler lures with sausage.

Also like to see ...

Action: Dog sniffs on the ground - Reaction: dog handler knocking with the tug on his knee, or wags the ball wildly in the air to get the attention of his dog again.

The dog is so for "sniffing on the ground" confirmed and has learned ...

if nose down, then comes reward.

The negative action of the dog, the handler may not encourage by a positive reaction.

  2) dog and handler can not properly play together.

But the dog shows no interest in the toy ... because is actually anyway played constantly with him, or because he much rather like the ball that stupid Tug ...

-Does the dog with beautiful and is appropriately conditioned from us:

No harassing and no Requesting the game lead to success, but only the desired tempo of us, just next to us, if possible shoulder at knee height and attentive look in expectation brings the reward!

We need to be consistent!

What happens when the handler responding for a long time on the actions of his dog?

The little dog baby already starts with it on, to try, to influence how situations are ...

How can I get the attention, if only the stupid colorful case is looked at in the living room closet.

And it's damn hard to resist this sweet look.

But the little dog is big and is then also very be consistent with us and possibly even his efforts with some pressure (nip in the butt, or loud barking) are trying to enforce.

And then stand up and ask: Why does he do this??

Answer: Because he has so learned it from us!

To get out of this vicious circle again must change his conduct with respect to the dog, the handler. The dog will adapt to the new circumstances.

The handler must not expect the dog by itself change his behavior.

  It is easier ...

  Not to let it only go so far

Touchscreen

resume

A touchscreen is a touch sensitive display, which allows electronic devices such as laptops or iPhone with your finger can be controlled. Besides the simple tapping icons on the screen with many devices a more detailed control possible using certain finger movements or gestures. In the multi-touch multiple simultaneous touches can also be converted to various commands.

A touchscreen is…

Especially since the release of the iPhone and touchscreen TV everyone knows what a touchscreen is. Increasingly popular are the touch-sensitive display that allows electronic devices such as laptops, smartphones and cameras through touching, are operated. The highly successful mini - game console DS ( i ) Nintendo uses the touch screen even to control the game .

Besides the simple tapping icons are in many touchscreens and multitouch gestures even more complicated as possible, with multiple simultaneous touches are converted . Certain tasks Thus, the display format can be changed by spreading or contraction of the thumb and index finger on the touchscreen.

The technology behind the touchscreen

The process of the different touch screens varies . In modern electronic devices such as the iPhone is usually a capacitive touchscreen . This relates to a glass substrate which is coated with a translucent layer of metal oxide. Using one of the edges of the applied voltage is low and a precisely uniform electric field with which a controller receives information and converts it into commands arises. Capacitive touch screens can be operated either with a finger or a pen (also called stylus ) .

Inductive touchscreens can only be used with special pens ( with integrated coil) . They are among others used in drawing tablets and especially appreciated because of their robustness - there is no pressure on the screen is required , the position is determined through the coil . As a result, a very solid surface material can be used .

In contrast, resistive touchscreens screen only responds to pressure which two electrically conductive layers make contact . On the basis of the electrical resistance , the position of the pressure point is determined . Rather outdated and very simple four-/five-/six-/seven-/eight-wire the touchscreens . They also operate with electrical power, which will be put. Via a different number of terminals ( wires ) in the vertical , respectively horizontal direction on the two conductive layers

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To keep your digital camera batteries having a long life

Whether vacation photos or wedding pictures: When the batteries of the camera make the limp is getting annoying. We'll show you how they hold out longer.

Four Tips for stronger battery

New battery and battery technologies promise us again and again longer maturities, longer life and shorter load times. But not every digital camera is already equipped with the new and promising technologies. Since you have to push it a bit, in particular to ensure that the batteries do not fail at the crucial moment in terms of battery power before. Who conserve its not quite dewy battery and still want to get the most out of it, therefore, should consider a few tricks. Just put four pieces, which we introduce below.

Check the battery charge before use

Batteries lose charge continuously, regardless of whether they are used or not. That's one of the reasons why you should refrain from charging batteries, to leave it to gather dust in a drawer unused. Because if you do then after several weeks or even months access back to your camera, the batteries are almost discharged with high probability again - without even having their performance with a single image shot. While this is annoying, but an absolutely natural process. A matter is how fast the energy is lost again, but is the type of battery you are using. Non -rechargeable alkaline batteries are the most robust types. You lose in a whole year, only about one to two percent of their capacity. They are therefore ideal for storage and as an emergency reserve.

Batteries and rechargeable batteries are as much more sensitive. The widespread Ni-MH batteries lose up to one percent of energy per day. A fully charged Ni-MH battery should therefore be completely discharged after about three or four months without being taken, even once. If you have a camera with this type of battery, so load it before the next use necessarily again on - even if the last full charge is not so long ago.

Store batteries in a fridge

You might also hear that one of them that keeps batteries supposedly longer if you store in the refrigerator or freezer. And this is no old wives' tale. The storage in the refrigerator actually works - if one considers a few things. The freezing or cooling of batteries works because the chemical reactions inside that provide electricity, are temperature dependent. So if you store a battery or a battery in a cool place, prevent or restrict this process and the batteries lose energy more slowly . But as it stands in this respect to the aforementioned alkaline batteries, even in the normal state lose very little energy? If you still outsourced this type of battery in the fridge or freezer, thereby achieving almost no effect. By this storage alkaline batteries lose at most a fraction less capacity per year. Use this space so better for a delicious vanilla ice cream or frozen pizza for the next guys' night. Use the other hand, a rechargeable battery, which makes storage in a cool place a lot of sense. According to Greenbatteries.com retain as stored batteries after a month, around 90 percent of their energy.

Preheat your batteries

Take your camera outside in the winter or skiing holiday? Then maybe you've also had times the problem is that the batteries give up at low temperatures faster than usual the mind. This happens for the same reason that is described in the article previously: the cooling impedes the chemical process in the batteries, which is responsible for the generation of electricity. Conversely, this results in: the warmer the batteries, the faster the chemical reaction proceeds to produce energy. So if the camera batteries fail during the next photo in the snow, take it out of the camera and warm them for a few minutes, for example in the glove or pocket. If you manage to heat the batteries, you can continue the cool photo session - until the next hibernation.

Use your camera to shoot exclusively for photos

You should some over-zealous shutterbugs keep reminding that a camera is intended primarily for taking photos - no matter what shenanigans else they dominated . Because: Each function electricity costs. So if you only have one battery and is no way in sight to fill if the battery again, then let the bauble with GPS, a digital photo album or adding captions rather be. Stick to the basic properties.

Likewise, it should be mentioned that special camera settings consume more power than others here. Example, if you often shoot night scenes, thus prolonging the exposure time, it costs significantly more battery power than a normal shot during the day. So if you want to shoot those special effects photos, keep in mind that you can record a total of fewer images, as with normal settings. Who wants to play it safe, a spare battery has the best always there.

How can you revive your laptop battery

Mobility is a big issue nowadays, and that is why many people buy laptops for their daily life and office work. By using the battery of your laptop, regardless of the date of manufacture of the battery capacity will decrease slowly, especially when exposed to high temperatures.

Of course, there will come a time that your laptop battery will die. It is to be expected. After all, everything has an expiration date. The shelf life of a rechargeable battery is generally around 800 charge- discharges, which would mean at least two to three years of battery life with average use. You will notice that the battery gently into the delivery of charged energy, and when the time comes where your battery is low, most people decide to get a new battery instead of trying to revive buy, think that the revival of the battery is too much hassle to deal with. In fact, the revival of your laptop battery is dead simple. Here are quick tips on how to revive it.

Disconnect the laptop from the AC adapter and use all the electricity in the battery. Some people use a multi - meter to measure how much power is left on the battery, and some use power management tools.

Wrap the battery in newspaper and place it in a zip -locked plastic bag. This is not a fluid in contact with the battery. Make sure the battery is not exposed to moisture, as this short-circuits the battery.

Keep it in the freezer and leave it for at least twenty-four hours. Twenty-four hours is enough for some batteries, but other types may be a week or longer.

After freezing at least overnight, take it out of the freezer and leave it at room temperature. Wipe traces of moisture with a soft cloth. Condensation of moisture

Connect the battery to the laptop AC adapter and charge the battery up to one hundred percent load. Then drain the battery and charge up to one hundred percent again. Repeat the charging and discharging cycle at least four times to repeat from step 1. To check whether the battery is revived , and if not , the same procedure Also, keep in mind that sometimes the AC stops charging the battery before charging it fully this is normal . When this happens, simply detach the battery from the laptop and AC reconnect.

These steps are a way not only to save money on buying new batteries , or worse new laptops , money is only one way to save Mother Nature. Please note that batteries contain toxic waste and harmful if not properly.